Vorlage:Cite newsgroup/doc

This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for online newsgroups.

Usage

Copy a blank version to use. All parameter names must be in lowercase. Use the "|" (pipe) character between each parameter. Delete unused parameters to avoid clutter in the edit window. Some samples may include the current date. If the date is not current, then the page.

Horizontal format

• {{cite newsgroup |title= |author= |date= |newsgroup= |message-id= |url= |access-date=November 21, 2024}}

Vertical format

{{cite newsgroup
 | title =
 | author =
 | date =
 | newsgroup =
 | message-id =
 | url =
 | access-date = 21 November, 2024
 }}

Examples

{{cite newsgroup | author = Tanenbaum, A. S. | title = LINUX is obsolete | date = January 29, 1992 | newsgroup = comp.os.minix | message-id = 12595@star.cs.vu.nl | quote = I am not unhappy with LINUX }}

{{cite newsgroup | author = A. S. Tanenbaum | title = LINUX is obsolete | date = January 29, 1992 | newsgroup = comp.os.minix | message-id = 12595@star.cs.vu.nl | url = http://groups.google.com/group/comp.os.minix/browse_thread/thread/c25870d7a41696d2/f447530d082cd95d?tvc=2 | access-date = November 27, 2006 }}

• - Uses Google Groups default Message-ID lookup URL

Parameters

Syntax

Nested parameters rely on their parent parameters:

• parent
• OR: parent2—may be used instead of parent
  • child—may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
  • OR: child2—may be used instead of child (and is ignored if parent2 is not used)

Where aliases are listed, only one of the parameters may be defined; if multiple aliased parameters are defined, then only one will show.

This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:

• Use |date=27 September 2007 not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)

Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example  , –, etc, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata. Do not include Wiki markup '' (italic font) or ''' (bold font) because these markup characters will contaminate the metadata.

COinS metadata is created for these parameters

• |periodical=, |journal=, |newspaper=, |magazine=, |work=, |website=, |encyclopedia=, |encyclopaedia=, |dictionary=
• |chapter=, |contribution=, |entry=, |article=, |section=
• |title=
• |publication-place=, |publicationplace=, |place=, |location=
• |date=, |year=, |publication-date=, |publicationdate=
• |series=, |version=
• |volume=
• |issue=, |number=
• |page=, |pages=, |at=
• |edition=
• |publisher=, |distributor=, |institution=
• |url=
• |chapter-url=, |chapterurl=, |contribution-url=, |contributionurl=, |section-url=, |sectionurl=
• |author#=, |author-last#=, |author#-last=, |last#=, |surname#=
• |author-first#=, |author#-first=, |first#=, |given#=
• any of the named identifiers (|isbn=, |issn=, |doi=, |pmc=, etc)

By default, sets of fields are terminated with a period (.).

Deprecated

{{#lst:Help:CS1 errors|deprecated_params_table }}

Description

Authors

• last: Surname of a single author. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. For corporate authors or authors for whom only one name is listed by the source, use last or one of its aliases (e.g. |author=Bono). Aliases: surname, author, last1, surname1, author1.
  • author: this parameter is used to hold the complete name of a single author (first and last) or to hold the name of a corporate author. This parameter should never hold the names of more than one author.
  • first: Given or first names of author; for example: Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Firstname M., Sr. Do not wikilink—use author-link instead. Aliases: given, first1, given1. Requires last; first name will not display if last is empty.
  • OR: for multiple authors, use last1, first1 through lastn, firstn, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of authors (each firstn requires a corresponding lastn, but not the other way around). Aliases: surname1, given1 through surnamen, givenn, or author1 through authorn. For an individual author plus an institutional author, you can use |first1=...|last1=...|author2=....
  • author-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author—not the author's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: author-link1, authorlink, authorlink1, author1-link, author1link.
  • OR: for multiple authors, use author-link1 through author-linkn. Aliases: authorlink1 through authorlinkn, or author1-link through authorn-link, or author1link through authornlink.
  • name-list-format: displays authors and editors in Vancouver style when set to vanc and when the list uses last/first parameters for the name list(s).
• vauthors: comma-separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses:

  |vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corp.))

  • author-link and author-mask may be used for the individual names in |vauthors= as described above
• authors: Free-form list of author names; use of this parameter is discouraged because it does not contribute to a citation's metadata; not an alias of last.
• translator-last: Surname of translator. Do not wikilink—use translator-link instead. Aliases: translator-surname, translator1, translator1-last, translator-last1.
  • translator-first: Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink—use translator-link instead. Aliases: translator-given, translator1-first, translator-first1.
  • OR: for multiple translators, use translator-last1, translator-first1 through translator-lastn, translator-firstn, where n is any consecutive number for an unlimited number of translators (each translator-firstn requires a corresponding translator-lastn, but not the other way around). Aliases: translator1-last, translator1-first through translatorn-last, translatorn-first, or translator1 through translatorn.
  • translator-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink. Aliases: translator-link1, translator1-link.
  • OR: for multiple translators, use translator-link1 through translator-linkn. Aliases: translator1-link through translatorn-link.
• collaboration: Name of a group of authors or collaborators; requires author, last, or vauthors listing one or more primary authors; follows author name-list; appends "et al." to author name-list.
• Note: When using shortened footnotes or parenthetical referencing styles with templates, do not use multiple names in one field, or else the anchor will not match the inline link.

Title

• title: Title of source. Can be wikilinked to an existing Wikipedia article or url may be used to add an external link, but not both. Displays in italics. If script-title is defined, title holds romanized transliteration of title in script-title.
  • script-title: Original title for languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc); not italicized, follows italicized transliteration defined in title. May be prefixed with an ISO 639-1 two-character code to help browsers properly display the script:

    ... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...

  • trans-title: English translation of the title if the source cited is in a foreign language. Displays in square brackets after title; if url is defined, then trans-title is included in the link. Use of the language parameter is recommended.

Titles containing certain characters will not display and link correctly unless those characters are encoded.

newline	[	]	|
space	[	]	{{!}} (preferred)
	{{bracket|text}}		| or {{pipe}} –

• title-link: Title of existing Wikipedia article about the source named in title – do not use a web address; do not wikilink. Alias: titlelink.

• newsgroup: Name of newsgroup; a link is automatically created; do not wikilink.

• type: Provides additional information about the media type of the source. May alternatively be used to identify the type of manuscript linked to in the title, if this is not the final version of a manuscript (e.g. if a preprint of a manuscript is freely available, but the version of record is behind a paywall). Format in sentence case. Displays in parentheses following the title. Examples: Thesis, Booklet, Accepted manuscript, CD liner, Press release. Alias: medium.

• language: The language in which the source is written. Displays in parentheses with "in" before the language name or names. Use the full language name or the proper language code (list of supported codes / names). When the source uses more than one language, list them individually, separated by commas, e.g. |language=French, German. The use of language names or language codes recognized by Wikimedia adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Category:CS1 foreign language sources; do not use templates or wikilinks. Note: When the language is "English" (or "en"), no language is displayed in the citation. Note: When two or more languages are listed there is no need to include "and" before the last language. "and" is inserted automatically by the template. Aliases: lang

Date

• date: Date of source being referenced. Can be full date (day, month, and year) or partial date (month and year, season and year, or year). Use same format as other publication dates in the citations. Required when year is used to disambiguate {{sfn}} links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.^[more] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher.

For approximate year, precede with "c. ", like this: |date=c. 1900.

For no date, or "undated", use |date=n.d.

• year: Year of source being referenced. Use of |date= is recommended unless all of the following conditions are met:
  1. The |date= format is YYYY-MM-DD.
  2. The citation requires a CITEREF disambiguator.
  3. The template uses |ref=harv or |mode=cs2, or the template is {{citation}}.
• orig-year: Original publication year; displays in square brackets after the date (or year). For clarity, please supply specifics. For example: |orig-year=First published 1859 or |orig-year=Composed 1904. Alias: origyear
• df: date format; sets rendered dates to the specified format; does not support date ranges or seasonal dates. Accepts one value which may be one of these:

  dmy – set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;

  mdy – as above for month day, year format

  ymd – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD

  dmy-all – set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;

  mdy-all – as above for month day, year format

  ymd-all – as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD

Series, volume

• series or version: When the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal where the issue numbering has restarted.

• volume: For one publication published in several volumes. Displays after the title and series fields; volume numbers should be entered just as a numeral (e.g. 37); volume values that are wholly digits, wholly uppercase roman numerals, or less than five characters will appear in bold. Any non-numeric value of five or more characters will be presumed to follow some other convention and will not appear in bold.

URL

• url: URL of an online location where the text of the publication can be found. Cannot be used if title is wikilinked. If applicable, the link may point to the specific page(s) referenced. Remove tracking parameters from URLs, e.g. #ixzz2rBr3aO94 or ?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=.... Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon.com; use |ISBN= or |OCLC= to provide neutral search links for books. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
  • access-date: Full date when the content pointed to by url was last verified to support the text in the article; do not wikilink; requires url; use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. Not required for linked documents that do not change. For example, access-date is required for online sources, such as personal websites, that do not have a publication date; see WP:CITEWEB. Access dates are not required for links to published research papers, published books, or news articles with publication dates. Note that access-date is the date that the URL was found to be working and to support the text being cited. Can be hidden or styled by registered editors. Alias: accessdate.
  • archive-url: The URL of an archived snapshot of a web page. Typically used to refer to services such as Internet Archive , WebCite and archive.is ; requires archive-date and url. By default (overridden by |dead-url=no) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: archiveurl.
    • archive-date: Archive-service snapshot-date; preceded in display by default text "archived from the original on". Use the same format as other access and archive dates in the citations. This does not necessarily have to be the same format that was used for citing publication dates. Do not wikilink; templated dates are discouraged. Alias: archivedate.
    • dead-url: the default value of this optional parameter, if omitted, is |dead-url=yes; equivalent values are y or true. Ignored if archive-url is not set. When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set |dead-url=no; this changes the display order, with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end. When the original URL has been usurped for the purposes of spam, advertising, or is otherwise unsuitable, setting |dead-url=unfit or |dead-url=usurped suppresses display of the original URL (but |url= and |archive-url= are still required). Alias: deadurl.
  • template-doc-demo: The archive parameters will be error-checked to ensure that all the required parameters are included, or else {{citation error}} is invoked. With errors, main, help and template pages are placed into one of the subcategories of Category:Articles with incorrect citation syntax. Set |template-doc-demo=true to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated. Alias: no-cat.
• format: Format of the work referred to by url; for example: PDF, DOC, or XLS; displayed in parentheses after title. (For media format, use type.) HTML is implied and should not be specified. Automatically added when a PDF icon is displayed. Does not change the external link icon. Note: External link icons do not include alt text; thus, they do not add format information for the visually impaired.

URLs must begin with a supported URI scheme. http:// and https:// will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://, gopher://, irc://, ircs://, mailto: and news: may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported.

If URLs in citation template parameters contain certain characters, then they will not display and link correctly. Those characters need to be percent-encoded. For example, a space must be replaced by %20. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:

sp	"	'	<	>	[	]	{	|	}
%20	%22	%27	%3c	%3e	%5b	%5d	%7b	%7c	%7d

Single apostrophes do not need to be encoded; however, unencoded multiples will be parsed as italic or bold markup. Single curly closing braces also do not need to be encoded; however, an unencoded pair will be parsed as the double closing braces for the template transclusion.

Additional note: (deprecated; use url) use of googleid= with the Google style id of a posting will automatically generate an appropriate URL. (The Google style-id can be determined by clicking 'Show Original' in the Groups UI. The Google Style id is the number between the "/msg/" and "?dmode=" portions of the URL used to show the original.)

Anchor

• ref: the citation's HTML anchor identifier. When set, |ref=ID generates an anchor with the given ID (the id attribute in the citation's <cite id="ID"> HTML tag). Setting |ref=ID identifies the template as a target and allows wikilinking to full references, especially useful with short-form citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value |ref=harv generates an anchor identifier suitable for use with {{sfn}} and {{harv}} templates. For |mode=cs2 |ref= defaults to |ref=harv.

Identifiers

• message-id: the newsgroup's message identifier; the value in the message header between angle-brackets < and >; do not include the angle-brackets in |message-id=; must include @.

• id: A unique identifier, used where none of the specialized identifiers are applicable; wikilink or use a template as applicable. For example, |id=NCJ 122967 will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as |id={{NCJ|122967}} to append NCJ 122967 instead.

These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. rfc=822 or pmc=345678.

When an URL is equivalent to the link produced by the corresponding identifier (such as a DOI), don't add it to any URL parameter but use the appropriate identifier parameter, which is more stable and may allow to specify the access status. The |url= parameter or title link can then be used for its prime purpose of providing a convenience link to an open access copy which would not otherwise be obviously accessible.

• arxiv: arXiv identifier; for example: arxiv=hep-th/9205027 (before April 2007) or arxiv=0706.0001 (April 2007 – December 2014) or arxiv=1501.00001 (since January 2015). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html".
• asin: Amazon Standard Identification Number; if first character of asin value is a digit, use isbn. Because this link favours one specific distributor, include it only if standard identifiers are not available. Example asin=B00005N5PF
  • asin-tld: ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US; valid values: au, br, ca, cn, co.jp, co.uk, de, es, fr, it, mx
• bibcode: Bibcode; used by a number of astronomical data systems; for example: 1974AJ.....79..819H. Comment: Techies are aware of the 2019 switch from old to new ADS URLs: the old URLs should continue working after October 2019 even though deprecated; see the April/May 2019 and June 2019 discussions.
• biorxiv: bioRxiv id, a 6-digit number at the end of the biorXiv URL (e.g. 078733 for http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/078733)
• citeseerx: CiteSeerX id, a string of digits and dots found in a CiteSeerX URL (e.g. 10.1.1.176.341 for http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341 )
• doi: Digital object identifier; for example: 10.1038/news070508-7. It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.).
  • doi-broken-date: Date the DOI was found to be non-working at https://dx.doi.org. Use the same format as other dates in the article. Alias: doi-inactive-date
• eissn: International Standard Serial Number for the electronic media of a serial publication; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space; example eissn=1557-2986 Alias: EISSN
• hdl: Handle System identifier for digital objects and other resources on the Internet; example hdl=20.1000/100 Alias: HDL
• isbn: International Standard Book Number; for example: 978-0-8126-9593-9. Hyphens in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, prefix the number with a zero; thus, SBN 902888-45-5 should be entered as |isbn=0-902888-45-5. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Alias: ISBN
• ismn: International Standard Music Number; for example: 979-0-9016791-7-7. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Alias: ISMN
• issn: International Standard Serial Number; eight characters may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen, but not an en dash or a space; example issn=2049-3630 Alias: ISSN
• jfm: Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik; example jfm=53.0144.01
• jstor: JSTOR reference number; for example: jstor=3793107 will generate JSTOR 3793107.
• lccn: Library of Congress Control Number. When present, alphabetic prefix characters are to be lower case; example lccn=2004042477
• mr: Mathematical Reviews; example mr=630583
• oclc: OCLC; WorldCat's Online Computer Library Center; example oclc=9355469
• ol: Open Library identifier; do not include "OL" in the value; example ol=7030731M
• osti: Office of Scientific and Technical Information; example osti=4367507
• pmc: PubMed Central; use article number for open repository full-text of a journal article, e.g. pmc=345678. Do not include "PMC" in the value.
  • embargo: Date that pmc goes live; if this date is in the future, then pmc is not linked until that date.
• pmid: PubMed; use unique identifier; example pmid=17322060
• rfc: Request for Comments; example rfc=3143
• ssrn: Social Science Research Network; example ssrn=1900856
• zbl: Zentralblatt MATH; example zbl=0472.53010 For zbMATH search results like JFM 35.0387.02 use jfm=35.0387.02

Quote

• quote: Relevant text quoted from the source. Displays enclosed in quotes. When supplied, the citation terminator (a period by default) is suppressed, so the quote must include terminating punctuation.

Laysummary

• lay-url: URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; the URL title is set to "Lay summary". Aliases: lay-summary (deprecated), laysummary (deprecated).
  • lay-source: Name of the source of the laysummary. Displays in italics and preceded by an endash. Alias: laysource.
  • lay-date: Date of the summary. Displays in parentheses. Alias: laydate.

Display options

• mode: Sets element separator, default terminal punctuation, and certain capitalization according to the value provided. For |mode=cs1, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (.); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For |mode=cs2, element separator is a comma (,); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). To override default terminal punctuation use postscript.
• author-mask: Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text. Set author-mask to a numeric value n to set the dash n em spaces wide; set author-mask to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, "with". You must still include the values for all authors for metadata purposes. Primarily intended for use with bibliographies or bibliography styles where multiple works by a single author are listed sequentially such as shortened footnotes. Do not use in a list generated by {{reflist}}, <references /> or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. You can also use editor-mask and translator-mask in the same way. Mask parameters can take a number in the name of the parameter (e.g. |authorn-mask=) to specify which author the mask should apply to.
• display-authors: Controls the number of author names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of authors, set display-authors to the desired number. For example, |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation. By default, all authors are displayed. |display-authors=etal displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: displayauthors.
• display-editors: Controls the number of editor names that are displayed when a citation is published. To change the displayed number of editors, set display-editors to the desired number. For example, |display-editors=2 will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed. |display-editors=etal displays all editors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: displayeditors.
• last-author-amp: Switches the separator between the last two names of the author list to space ampersand space ( & ) when set to y, yes, or true. Example: |last-author-amp=yes
• postscript: Controls the closing punctuation for a citation; defaults to a period (.); for no terminating punctuation, specify |postscript=none – leaving |postscript= empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Additional text or templates beyond the terminating punctuation may generate an error message. |postscript= is ignored if quote is defined.

Link icons

Link icons are not created by this template, but by CSS; see Help:External link icons.

TemplateData

This is the TemplateData documentation for this template used by VisualEditor and other tools; see the monthly error report for this template.

TemplateData for Cite newsgroup

<templatedata> { "description": "Formats citation of the Newsgroup Template", "params": { "url": { "label": "URL", "description": "The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found", "type": "string", "suggested": true, "aliases": [ "URL" ] }, "title": { "label": "Source title", "description": "The title of the source page on the website; displays in quotes", "type": "string", "required": true }, "last": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'.", "aliases": [ "last1", "author", "author1", "authors" ], "suggested": true }, "first": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink'.", "aliases": [ "first1" ], "suggested": true }, "date": { "label": "Source date", "description": "Full date of the source; do not wikilink", "type": "string", "suggested": true }, "publisher": { "label": "Publisher", "description": "Name of the publisher; displays after title", "type": "string" },

               "newsgroup": {

"label": "News Group", "type": "string", "required": false, "suggested": true, "deprecated": false, "description": "Name of newsgroup; a link is automatically created; do not wikilink." }, "last2": { "label": "Last name 2", "description": "The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink2'.", "aliases": [ "author2" ] }, "first2": { "label": "First name 2", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink." },

               "vauthors": {

"label": "Vauthors", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": " comma separated list of author names in Vancouver style; enclose corporate or institutional author names in doubled parentheses" }, "others": { "label": "Others", "description": "Used to record other contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'", "type": "string" }, "year": { "label": "Year of publication", "description": "Year of the source being referenced; use 'date' instead, if month and day are also known", "type": "string" }, "editor-last": { "label": "Editor last name", "description": "The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors.", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "editor1-last", " editor", " editors" ] }, "editor-first": { "label": "Editor first name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "editor1-first" ] }, "editor-link": { "label": "Editor link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors", "aliases": [ "editor1-link" ], "type": "wiki-page-name" }, "translator-last": { "label": "Translator Last Name", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Surname of translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator1", "translator1-last", "translator-last1" ] }, "translator-first": { "label": "Translator First Name", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Given or first names of translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator1-first", "translator-first1" ] }, "translator-link": { "label": "Translator Link", "type": "string/wiki-page-name", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink.", "aliases": [ "translator-link1", "translator1-link." ] }, "translator2-last": { "label": "Translator Last Name 2", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Surname of second Translator", "aliases": [ "translator-last2" ] }, "translator2-first": { "label": "Translator First Name 2", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Given or first names of second translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-first2" ] }, "translator2-link": { "label": "Translator Link 2", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink.", "aliases": [

                               "translator-link2"

] }, "issue": { "label": "Issue", "description": "Issue identifier when the source is part of a series that is published periodically", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "number" ] }, "department": { "label": "Department", "description": "Department within the periodical", "type": "string" }, "location": { "label": "Location of publication", "description": "Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'", "type": "string" }, "publication-place": { "label": "Place of publication", "description": "Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'", "type": "string" }, "publication-date": { "label": "Publication date", "description": "Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink", "type": "string" }, "agency": { "label": "Agency", "description": "The news agency (wire service) that provided the content; examples: Associated Press, Reuters, Agence France-Presse", "type": "string" }, "edition": { "label": "Edition", "description": "When the publication has more than one edition; for example: '2nd', 'Revised' etc.; suffixed with ' ed.'", "type": "string" }, "volume": { "label": "Volume", "description": "For one publication published in several volumes", "type": "string" }, "page": { "label": "Page", "description": "Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'", "type": "string" }, "pages": { "label": "Pages", "description": "Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source; displays after 'pp.'", "type": "string" }, "nopp": { "label": "No pp", "description": "Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')", "type": "string" }, "at": { "label": "At", "description": "May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient", "type": "string" }, "language": { "label": "Language", "description": "The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name; do not use icons or templates", "type": "string" }, "script-title": { "label": "Script title", "description": "For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:...", "type": "string" }, "trans-title": { "label": "Translated title", "description": "An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "trans_title" ] }, "type": { "label": "Type", "description": "Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case", "type": "string" }, "format": { "label": "Format", "description": "Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML", "type": "string" }, "arxiv": { "label": "arXiv identifier", "description": "An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers", "type": "string" }, "asin": { "label": "ASIN", "description": "Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters", "type": "string" }, "asin-tld": { "label": "ASIN TLD", "description": "ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US", "type": "string" }, "bibcode": { "label": "Bibcode", "description": "Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters", "type": "string" }, "doi": { "label": "DOI", "description": "Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'", "type": "string" }, "doi-broken-date": { "label": "DOI broken date", "description": "The date that the DOI was determined to be broken", "type": "string" }, "isbn": { "label": "ISBN", "description": "International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible", "type": "string" }, "issn": { "label": "ISSN", "description": "International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen", "type": "string" }, "jfm": { "label": "jfm code", "description": "Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code", "type": "string" }, "jstor": { "label": "JSTOR", "description": "JSTOR identifier", "type": "string" }, "lccn": { "label": "LCCN", "description": "Library of Congress Control Number", "type": "string" }, "mr": { "label": "MR", "description": "Mathematical Reviews identifier", "type": "string" }, "oclc": { "label": "OCLC", "description": "Online Computer Library Center number", "type": "string" }, "ol": { "label": "OL", "description": "Open Library identifier", "type": "string" }, "osti": { "label": "OSTI", "description": "Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier", "type": "string" }, "pmc": { "label": "PMC", "description": "PubMed Center article number", "type": "string" }, "pmid": { "label": "PMID", "description": "PubMed Unique Identifier", "type": "string" }, "rfc": { "label": "RFC", "description": "Request for Comments number", "type": "string" }, "ssrn": { "label": "SSRN", "description": "Social Science Research Network", "type": "string" }, "zbl": { "label": "Zbl", "description": "Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier", "type": "string" },

               "message-id": {

"label": "Message ID", "type": "string", "required": false, "suggested": true, "deprecated": false, "description": "the newsgroup's message identifier; the value in the message header between angle-brackets < and >; do not include the angle-brackets in |message-id=; must include @" }, "id": { "label": "id", "description": "A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable", "type": "string" }, "quote": { "label": "Quote", "description": "Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; needs to include terminating punctuation", "type": "string" }, "ref": { "label": "Ref", "description": "An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references; special value 'harv' generates an anchor suitable for the harv and sfn templates", "type": "string" }, "postscript": { "label": "Postscript", "description": "The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined; to suppress use reserved keyword 'none'", "type": "string", "default": "." }, "registration": { "label": "Registration", "description": "For online sources that require registration, set to 'yes' (or 'y', or 'true'); superseded by subscription if both are set", "type": "string" }, "subscription": { "label": "Subscription", "description": "For online sources that require subscription, set to 'yes' (or 'y', or 'true'); supersedes registration if both are set", "type": "string" }, "last3": { "label": "Last name 3", "description": "The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink3'.", "aliases": [ "author3" ] }, "first3": { "label": "First name 3", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink." }, "last4": { "label": "Last name 4", "description": "The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink4'.", "aliases": [ "author4" ] }, "first4": { "label": "First name 4", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink." }, "last5": { "label": "Last name 5", "description": "The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink5'.", "aliases": [ "author5" ] }, "first5": { "label": "First name 5", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink." }, "last6": { "label": "Last name 6", "description": "The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink6'.", "aliases": [ "author6" ] }, "first6": { "label": "First name 6", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink." }, "last7": { "label": "Last name 7", "description": "The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink7'.", "aliases": [ "author7" ] }, "first7": { "label": "First name 7", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink." }, "last8": { "label": "Last name 8", "description": "The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink8'.", "aliases": [ "author8" ] }, "first8": { "label": "First name 8", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink." }, "last9": { "label": "Last name 9", "description": "The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'authorlink9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.", "aliases": [ "author9" ] }, "first9": { "label": "First name 9", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink." }, "author-mask": { "label": "Author mask", "description": "Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead", "type": "string" }, "display-authors": { "label": "Display authors", "description": "number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used;", "type": "number", "aliases": [ "displayauthors" ] }, "author-link": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "authorlink", "authorlink1", "author-link1", "author1-link" ] }, "author-link2": { "label": "Author link 2", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author. (Up to nine authors can be listed, 3-9 are toward the end of the parameter list)", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "authorlink2" ] }, "archive-url": { "label": "Archive URL", "description": "The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archivedate'", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "archiveurl" ] }, "archive-date": { "label": "Archive date", "description": "Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "archivedate" ] }, "dead-url": { "label": "Dead URL", "description": "If set to 'no', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "deadurl" ] }, "lay-url": { "label": "Lay URL", "description": "URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; alias of 'laysummary'", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "layurl" ] }, "lay-source": { "label": "Lay source", "description": "Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "laysource" ] }, "lay-date": { "label": "Lay date", "description": "Date of the summary; displays in parentheses", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "laydate" ] }, "author-link3": { "label": "Author link 3", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "authorlink3", "author3-link" ] }, "author-link4": { "label": "Author link 4", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "authorlink4", "author4-link" ] }, "author-link5": { "label": "Author link 5", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "authorlink5", "author5-link" ] }, "author-link6": { "label": "Author link 6", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "authorlink6", "author6-link" ] }, "author-link7": { "label": "Author link 7", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "authorlink7", "author7-link" ] }, "author-link8": { "label": "Author link 8", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "authorlink8", "author8-link" ] }, "author-link9": { "label": "Author link 9", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "authorlink9", "author9-link" ] }, "last-author-amp": { "label": "Last author ampersand", "description": "When set to any value, changes the separator between the last two names of the author list to 'space ampersand space'", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "lastauthoramp" ] }, "editor2-last": { "label": "Editor last name 2", "description": "The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor2" ], "type": "line" }, "editor2-first": { "label": "Editor first name 2", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" }, "editor3-last": { "label": "Editor last name 3", "description": "The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor3" ], "type": "line" }, "editor3-first": { "label": "Editor first name 3", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" }, "editor4-last": { "label": "Editor last name 4", "description": "The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor4" ], "type": "line" }, "editor4-first": { "label": "Editor first name 4", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" }, "editor5-last": { "label": "Editor last name 5", "description": "The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor5" ], "type": "line" }, "editor5-first": { "label": "Editor first name 5", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" }, "editor6-last": { "label": "Editor last name 6", "description": "The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor6" ], "type": "line" }, "editor6-first": { "label": "Editor first name 6", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" }, "editor7-last": { "label": "Editor last name 7", "description": "The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor7" ], "type": "line" }, "editor7-first": { "label": "Editor first name 7", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" }, "editor8-last": { "label": "Editor last name 8", "description": "The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor8" ], "type": "line" }, "editor8-first": { "label": "Editor first name 8", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" }, "editor9-last": { "label": "Editor last name 9", "description": "The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor9" ], "type": "line" }, "editor9-first": { "label": "Editor first name 9", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" }, "editor2-link": { "label": "Editor link 2", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "editor2link", "editorlink2" ] }, "editor3-link": { "label": "Editor link 3", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "editor3link", "editorlink3" ] }, "editor4-link": { "label": "Editor link 4", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "editor4link", "editorlink4" ] }, "editor5-link": { "label": "Editor link 5", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "editor5link", "editorlink5" ] }, "editor6-link": { "label": "Editor link 6", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "editor6link", "editorlink6" ] }, "editor7-link": { "label": "Editor link 7", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "editor7link", "editorlink7" ] }, "editor8-link": { "label": "Editor link 8", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "editor8link", "editorlink8" ] }, "editor9-link": { "label": "Editor link 9", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "editor9link", "editorlink9" ]

               },

"translator3-last": { "label": "Translator Last Name 3", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Surname of third translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-last3" ] }, "translator3-first": { "label": "Translator First Name 3", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Given or first names of third translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-first3" ] }, "translator3-link": { "label": "Translator Link 3", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink.", "aliases": [

                               "translator-link3"

] }, "translator4-last": { "label": "Translator Last Name 4", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Surname of fourth translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-last4" ] }, "translator4-first": { "label": "Translator First Name 4", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Given or first names of fourth translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-first4" ] }, "translator4-link": { "label": "Translator Link 4", "type": "string/wiki-page-name", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink.", "aliases": [

                               "translator-link4"

] }, "translator5-last": { "label": "Translator Last Name 5", "type": "line", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Surname of fifth translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-last5" ] }, "translator5-first": { "label": "Translator First Name 5", "type": "string/wiki-page-name", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Given or first names of fifth translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-first5" ] }, "translator5-link": { "label": "Translator Link 5", "type": "string/wiki-page-name", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink.", "aliases": [

                               "translator-link5"

] }, "translator6-last": { "label": "Translator Last Name 6", "type": "string/wiki-page-name", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Surname of sixth translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-last6" ] }, "translator6-first": { "label": "Translator First Name 6", "type": "string/wiki-page-name", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Given or first names of sixth translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-first6" ] }, "translator6-link": { "label": "Translator Link 6", "type": "string/wiki-page-name", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about sixth the translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink.", "aliases": [

                               "translator-link6"

] }, "translator7-last": { "label": "Translator Last Name 7", "type": "string/wiki-page-name", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Surname of seventh translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-last7" ] }, "translator7-first": { "label": "Translator First Name 7", "type": "string/wiki-page-name", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Given or first names of seventh translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-first7" ] }, "translator7-link": { "label": "Translator Link 7", "type": "string", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink.", "aliases": [

                               "translator-link7"

] }, "translator8-last": { "label": "Translator Last Name 8", "type": "string", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Surname of eighth translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-last8" ] }, "translator8-first": { "label": "Translator First Name 8", "type": "string", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Given or first names of eighth translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-first8" ] }, "translator8-link": { "label": "Translator Link 8", "type": "string", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink.", "aliases": [

                               "translator-link8"

] }, "translator9-last": { "label": "Translator Last Name 9", "type": "string", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Surname of ninth translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [ "translator-last9" ] }, "translator9-first": { "label": "Translator First Name 9", "type": "string", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Given or first names of ninth translator. Do not wikilink", "aliases": [

                               "translator-link9"

] }, "translator9-link": { "label": "Translator Link 9", "type": "string", "required": false, "suggested": false, "deprecated": false, "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth translator—not the translator's website; do not wikilink.", "aliases": [ "translator9-link." ] }, "access-date": { "label": "URL access date", "description": "The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink", "type": "string", "suggested": true, "aliases": [ "accessdate" ] }, "orig-year": { "label": "Original year", "description": "Original year of publication; provide specifics", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "origyear" ] },

               "url-access": {

"label": "URL access level", "description": "Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')", "type": "string" }, "bibcode-access": { "label": "Bibcode access level", "description": "If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'.", "type": "string" }, "doi-access": { "label": "DOI access level", "description": "If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'.", "type": "string" }, "hdl-access": { "label": "HDL access level", "description": "If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'.", "type": "string" }, "jstor-access": { "label": "Jstor access level", "description": "If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'.", "type": "string" }, "ol-access": { "label": "OpenLibrary access level", "description": "If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'.", "type": "string" }, "osti-access": { "label": "OSTI access level", "description": "If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'.", "type": "string" }, "via": { "label": "via", "description": "Identify the aggregator of the resource that provided the digital version (usually a database provider), when it differs from the publisher (e.g., for The Wikipedia Library)", "suggested": true, "example": "EBSCOHost , Proquest, Newspapers.com" } }, "maps": { "proveit": { "main": "title", "textarea": [ "quote" ] }, "citoid": { "title": "title", "url": "url", "publisher": "publisher", "publicationTitle": "newsgroup", "date": "date", "accessDate": "access-date", "location": "location", "ISSN": [ "issn" ], "ISBN": [ "isbn" ], "PMCID": "pmc", "PMID": "pmid", "pages": "pages", "volume": "volume", "issue": "issue", "DOI": "doi", "oclc": "oclc", "language": "language", "contributor": [ [ "first", "last" ], [ "first2", "last2" ], [ "first3", "last3" ], [ "first4", "last4" ], [ "first5", "last5" ], [ "first6", "last6" ], [ "first7", "last7" ], [ "first8", "last8" ], [ "first9", "last9" ] ], "author": [ [ "first", "last" ], [ "first2", "last2" ], [ "first3", "last3" ], [ "first4", "last4" ], [ "first5", "last5" ], [ "first6", "last6" ], [ "first7", "last7" ], [ "first8", "last8" ], [ "first9", "last9" ] ], "editor": [ [ "editor-first", "editor-last" ], [ "editor2-first", "editor2-last" ], [ "editor3-first", "editor3-last" ], [ "editor4-first", "editor4-last" ], [ "editor5-first", "editor5-last" ], [ "editor6-first", "editor6-last" ], [ "editor7-first", "editor7-last" ], [ "editor8-first", "editor8-last" ], [ "editor9-first", "editor9-last" ]

                       ],
                       "translator": [

[ "translator-first", "translator-last" ], [ "translator2-first", "translator2-last" ], [ "translator3-first", "translator3-last" ], [ "translator4-first", "translator4-last" ], [ "translator5-first", "translator5-last" ], [ "translator6-first", "translator6-last" ], [ "translator7-first", "translator7-last" ], [ "translator8-first", "translator8-last" ], [ "translator9-first", "translator9-last" ] ] } }, "format": "inline" } </templatedata>

See also

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This template produces COinS metadata; see COinS in Wikipedia for background information.